College Health Tips from the University of Iowa's
Student Health Service

Concussions

Lori DeRaad, B.S.
Eric Evans, M.D., Staff Physician Student Health Service
First Published: 2003
Last Revised: November 2003
Peer Review Status: Internally Reviewed

What are some symptoms of a concussion, and what can I do about it if I have one?

A concussion is an injury to the brain typically caused by a blow or jolt to the head, which disrupts normal function. Although a concussion may result in a loss of consciousness, or being "knocked out", most of the time this does not occur. A concussion that does result in a loss of consciousness is typically classified as a higher grade, or more severe, concussion.

Early warning signals of a concussion include:

• Vision disturbance
• Headache
• Memory loss (amnesia)
• Confusion
• Loss of balance
• Difficulty concentrating
• Loss of consciousness
• Impaired speech
• Ringing in the ears
• Unequal pupil size
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Car accidents, excessive head contact in sports, severe whiplash, falls, and blows to the head may all cause concussions. It is important that you seek medical attention if you suspect that you may have sustained a concussion. After reviewing your symptoms, and conducting an examination, your physician will let you know what medications you should take, and when you will be able to return to physical activity.

A condition called "second impact syndrome" may occur if you sustain another blow to the head before fully recovering from an initial concussion, and it can be fatal. Therefore, it is imperative that you follow your physician's instructions regarding participation in any activity in which such an injury might occur.

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See related Patient Topics Brain and Nervous System, Head and Brain Injuries or Injuries and Wounds.

See related Provider Topics Brain and Nervous System, Head and Brain Injuries or Injuries and Wounds.

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