Neonatal Chest: Imaging for Respiratory Distress

Editor:

Simon C. Kao, M.D.
Department of Radiology
University of Iowa College of Medicine

Creation Date: July 2003
Last Revision Date: July 2003
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed

Table of Contents

Introduction Causes/Mnemonics CNS causes/IVH IVH Nasopharyngeal/laryngeal / Congenital airway obstruction causes Hemangioma Atelectasis/Pierre-Robin syndrome Tracheal stenosis Alimentary/abdominal causes / Esophageal atresia Tracheo-esophageal fistula/Tracheomalacia Cricopharyngeal achalasia/Aspiration Skeletal causes/Osteogenesis imperfecta Thanatophoric dwarfism Lethal skeletal dysplasia Ellis van-Creveld syndrome/Post-axial polydactyly Shwachman-Diamond syndrome Infant of diabetic mother Myotonic dystrophy/Atelectasis Cardiovascular causes/Ductus bump Complex cyanotic congenital heart disease/Cor triatriatum, TAPVR and single ventricle0 TAPVR HMD/Patent ductus arteriosus Vein of Galen aneurysm/Congestive heart failure Pulmonary sling/Air trapping Pulmonary sling/Cine-CT flow study Scimitar syndrome Group B streptococcal sepsis/persistent fetal circulation Metabolic causes/Meconium aspiration syndrome Tumor causes/Bronchogenic cyst Bronchogenic cyst Extralobar sequestration & bronchogenic cyst Extralobar sequestration & bronchogenic cyst/Intralobar vs extralobar sequestration Cystic hygroma/Mediastinal involvement Cystic adenomatoid malformation Cystic adenomatoid malformation Cystic adenomatoid malformation

Types of cystic adenomatoid malformation/CAM vs CDH Pleural causes/Chylothorax Central line perforation/Delayed pleural effusion IPCKD/Hypoplastic R lung IPCKD Bilateral MCKD Air leaks patterns Pulmonary causes HMD/"PALM" HMD & wet lungs Grading of HMD/Pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia Progression of HMD to BPD Progression of HMD to BPD Progression of HMD to BPD Progression of HMD to BPD Severe PIE/Pneumoperitoneum Systemic air embolism Meconium aspiration syndrome/R pneumothorax Group B streptococcal infection/Pulmonary hemorrhage RSV & chlamydia Congenital LUL emphysema Congenital LUL emphysema Extralobar sequestration/Hypoplastic L lung Extralobar sequestration Agenesis of left lung Noonan syndrome/Pulmonary lymphangiectasia Diaphragmatic hernia/Postoperative diaphragmatic repair Brachial plexus, phrenic nerve injuries, left adrenal hemorrhage Paralysed right hemidiaphragm/Normal left hemidiaphragm Systematic approach to newborn chest/Neonatal chest patterns Normal pattern/RDS pattern TTN (wet lung) pattern/Meconium aspiration pattern Focal inhomogeneous pattern/Increased pulmonary density pattern Systematic approach Systematic approach

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